Gender Issues

Attitudes Toward and Experiences of Gender Issues Among Physician Teachers: a Survey Study Conducted at a University Teaching Hospital in Sweden

Gender issues are important to address during medical education, however research about the implementation of gender in medical curricula reports that there are obstacles. The aim of this study was to explore physician teachers’ attitudes to gender issues. [from abstract]

Equidad de género y calidad en el empleo: Las trabajadoras y los trabajadores en salud en Argentina

Se presentan una serie de recomendaciones de políticas y líneas de investigación que buscan instalar como “campo” de acción y de investigación la producción sistemática de información sobre recursos humanos en salud desde una perspectiva de género. [rusumen]

Equity, Equal Opportunities, Gender and Organization Performance

This review highlighted the fact that employment equity debates and policies largely refer to high-income countries. Even in these countries, there is more rhetorical commitment than hard evidence of successful outcomes. Evaluations have been mainly post hoc and many initiatives have not been evaluated at all. There is a continuing debate about what is the appropriate kind of intervention, a number of competing models being advocated. The most noticeable trend seems to be away from reliance on targeting by numbers (particularly for recruitment) and towards more comprehensive approaches across a range of inter- and intra-organizational interventions and over the whole career of the employee.

Gender and Academic Medicine: Impacts on the Health Workforce

Academic medicine has the opportunity to improve the quantity and quality of the health workforce as a means of strengthening the broader health system. However, it must address the gender dimensions of enrollment, curriculum, and promotion to have a positive impact on human resources for health around the world. [author’s description]

Gender and Equity in Health Sector Reform Programmes: a Review

This paper reviews current literature and debates about health sector reform in developing countries in the context of its possible implications for women's health and for gender equity. It points out that gender is a significant marker of social and economic vulnerability which is manifest in inequalities of access to health care and in women's and men's different positioning as users and producers of health care. [from abstract]

Gender and Health Workforce Statistics

Gender analysis of the health workforce may reveal that health systems themselves can reflect or even exacerbate many of the social inequalities they are meant to address and be immune from.

Gender Biases and Discrimination: a Review of Health Care Interpersonal Interactions

This paper maps the context of how gender shapes provider-client interaction and the impact of these interactions; provides a detailed breakdown of the nature of provider-patient interactions and how gender impacts on these interactions from the perspective of patients and providers; and reviews gender-specific policies and program interventions within the health system for improving the interpersonal dimension of health care and hence quality of care. [adapted from executive summary]

Gender Differences Among Oral Health Care Workers in Caring for HIV/AIDS Patients in Osun State, Nigeria

The study investigated the relationship between gender and knowledge, attitude and practice of infection control among oral health care workers in the management of patients with HIV/AIDS in Osun State of Nigeria. It was a cross-sectional survey using 85 oral Health care workers enlisted in the public dental health clinics. [from abstract]

Gender Issues in Safety and Health at Work: A Review

Mainstreaming the gender dimension into occupational safety and health was included as one of the key objectives in the European Community strategy on safety and health at work 2002–06.To contribute to this European objective, the Administrative Board of the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work decided to include a report to review gender issues in occupational safety and health in the Agency’s 2002 work programme.

Gender Issues in Safety and Health at Work: Summary of an Agency Report

There are substantial differences in the working lives of women and men and this affects their occupational safety and health (OSH). The Community strategy on health and safety at work has mainstreaming, or integrating, gender into occupational safety and health activities as an objective. To support this, the Agency has produced a report examining gender differences in workplace injury and illness, gaps in knowledge and the implications for improving risk prevention. This factsheet summarizes the main findings. [adapted from publisher’s description]

Gender Mainstreaming in Health: the Possibilities and Constraints of Involving District-Level Field Workers

The involvement of district-level workers in local-level practical approaches to mainstreaming gender is central to facilitating change and informing health strategies. There are very few practical examples of mainstreaming gender in health, especially at the lower levels of the health sector. One approach is to build the capacity of staff to conduct and respond to gender analysis. [author’s description]

Gender Policy Guidelines for the Public Health Sector 2002

The Gender Policy Guidelines have been established in order to support the Department of Health in meeting not only its constitutional commitment to promoting gender equity and equality, but also its own commitments to equity, meeting the needs of those who have been previously marginalized and improving its productivity and quality of care within the health services.

Gender Sensitivity among General Practioners: Results of a Training Programme

Gender differences contribute to patients’ health and illness. However in current healthcare practices attention to gender differences is still underdeveloped. Recognizing these differences and taking them into account can improve the quality of care. In this study we aimed to investigate whether GPs’ gender sensitivity can be stimulated by a training program. [from abstract]

Gender Sensitivity Assessment Tool for FP/RH Curricula

A tool designed to help program and training managers, curriculum designers and trainers facilitate the operationalization and assessment of gender sensitivity during pre- and in-service training of service providers.

Gender Sensitivity Assessment Tools for RH Service Providers and Managers

Tools to assist primary providers and their managers in assessing, monitoring and improving the gender sensitivity of family planning and reproductive health services on an ongoing basis. [publisher’s description]

Gender Sensitization among Health Providers and Communities through Transformative Learning Tools: Experiences from Karachi, Pakistan

Programs and services need to be sensitively designed to facilitate women’s access to physical and social needs. This paper narrates the experience of working with health providers from public and private sectors, community, local government representatives and community-based organizations. Through transformative learning, this endeavour focused on initiating a process of sensitization on gender related health issues for women. [from abstract]

Gender: A Missing Dimension in Human Resource Policy and Planning for Health Reforms

This article takes up the relatively neglected issue of gender in human resources policy and planning (HRPP), with particular reference to the health sector in developing countries.

Health Worker Education and Training: Selected Resources

Stronger pre-service education and in-service training systems for health workers are essential to meet the increasing need for quality services. To support efforts to improve health worker education and training systems, the Capacity Project has assembled a collection of resources that can be used for reference and adaptation. While the Capacity Project does not endorse any particular document or approach represented in these resources, they were selected by Project staff with expertise in the content areas. [author’s description]

Human Resources for Health: a Gender Analysis

In this paper I discuss gender issues manifested within health occupations and across them. In particular, I examine gender dynamics in medicine, nursing, community health workers and home carers. I also explore from a gender perspective issues concerning delegation, migration and violence, which cut across these categories of health workers. These occupational categories and themes reflect priorities identified by the terms of reference for this review paper and also the themes that emerged from the accessed literature. [from summary]

Implementing the ILO Code of Practice on HIV/AIDS and the World of Work

The manual is designed to help the ILO’s partners understand the issues and apply the ILO Code of Practice on HIV/AIDS and the world of work. The Code is at the core of the ILO’s Programme on HIV/AIDS, providing guidance to governments, employers and workers, as well as other stakeholders, on national action plans and workplace policies and programmes to combat HIV/AIDS.

Increasing Health Systems Performance: Gender and the Global Health Workforce

As the global community mobilizes around the need to be innovative and think beyond training people in a vacuum it is essential that gender is considered. Such an approach uses knowledge about the gender as a means to increasing understandings of the complex set of issues around the supply, demand and migration of HRH. Examining HRH issues from a gender perspective will illuminate innovative strategies to improve the effectiveness of people providing health services. [from introduction]

Increasing Health Systems Performance: Gender and the Global Health Workforce

As the global community mobilizes around the need to be innovative and think beyond training people in a vacuum it is essential that gender is considered. Such an approach uses knowledge about the gender as a means to increasing understandings of the complex set of issues around the supply, demand and migration of HRH. Examining HRH issues from a gender perspective will illuminate innovative strategies to improve the effectiveness of people providing health services. [from introduction]

Integrating Gender in Human Resources for Health (HRH) Projects

These training modules and handouts provide the materials to conduct a two day workshop designed to help participants define gender and related concepts; understand the continuum of gender as it relates to integration in projects; understand the six domains of gender and related questions; apply a process for gender analysis to HRH contexts; understand where and how gender can be integrated in HRH country strategies. [adapted from author]

Intersection of Gender, Access and Quality of Care in Reproductive Services: Examples from Kenya, India and Guatemala

This paper describes the experiences of three types of programs (government, reproductive health NGO, and women’s health NGO) in Kenya, India, and Guatemala that integrate gender in their work and examines how they integrate gender into programs that improve quality of care and access to care. It should be emphasized that this report does not document whether gender integration results in higher quality and access, but rather documents how gender integration can take place. [author’s description]

Mainstreaming Gender into Occupational Safety and Health

This report is the outcome of a seminar held in Brussels on 15th June 2004. The aims of the seminar were firstly to share information on gender and occupational safety and health (OSH) issues, including a gender-sensitive approach in OSH and how gender can be mainstreamed into OSH, and secondly to facilitate discussion and debate among EU and national authorities, social partners and experts on how to take forward gender issues in OSH. It includes proposals for taking forward gender issues in OSH. [Publisher’s description]

Managing Reproductive Health Services with a Gender Perspective

The roles that women and men play should guide the ways in which clinic staff assess their clients’ needs and provide care. This edition of The Manager shows how awareness of gender issues can improve the design, mangement, and delivery of health services, and takes you step by step through the process of assessing the influence of gender on organizational management. [editor’s description]

Men’s Reproductive Health Curriculum

This three-part curriculum is designed to provide a broad range of health care workers with the skills and sensitivity needed to work with male clients and provide men’s reproductive health services. [from author]

NARF Handbook on Incorporating Gender and Human Rights in HIV/AIDS Training

This handbook explains why a gender and human rights strategy is a better approach for achieving results in curbing the HIV/AIDS epidemic It also shows you how to do it by providing the necessary information and techniques for incorporating gender and human rights into HIV/AIDS training. [from introduction]

National Workforce Census: the Gendered Nature of Pharmacy Employment in Britain

This final article in a series on the UK census of pharmacists focuses on the employment and work patterns of female pharmacists. [adapted from author]